FDA scientists give Pfizer vaccine the green light in first analysis – but it’s STILL not approved

FDA confirms Pfizer vaccine is effective and safe as it prepares to green light the shot Thursday – nearly one week behind the UK

  • A panel of scientists from the FDA posted their first analysis of the vaccine online
  • That analysis will now be reviewed by a panel of independent scientists 
  • That will happen on Thursday and if they agree, the vaccine will finally get official approval and be distributed across the US from Dec 15 
  • 20million doses are expected this year but most won’t come until next summer 
  • It is down to the Trump administration declining an offer to buy additional doses earlier this year
  • The New York Times reports that now, the US may not get most of its doses until June 2021 because of the decision 
  • The UK started giving  out the first vaccinations on Tuesday 

FDA scientists say the Pfizer vaccine meets all safety and efficacy requirements in their first analysis of it that will now be reviewed by an independent panel before it is approved.  

The Food and Drug Administration posted its analysis online on Tuesday morning as across the Atlantic, Britain on Tuesday began vaccinating its oldest citizens with the shots. 

An independent panel of experts still has to review it before it can be approved. 

The earliest that will happen is on Thursday and then vaccine roll out won’t begin until December 15 at least, much to the chagrin of US officials and citizens who are watching impatiently while the UK gives out its first vaccines.  

Once approved, the US has a reported 100million doses of the vaccine from Pfizer which is enough to inoculate 50million people – around 15 percent of the population. 

The briefing documents say that while there were no ‘meaningful imbalances’, four of the 22,000 people who got the vaccine then suffered facial paralysis – otherwise known as Bells palsy. They don’t attribute it to the shot.   

The document will be reviewed on Thursday when the panel of experts convenes

The document will be reviewed on Thursday when the panel of experts convenes

The document will be reviewed on Thursday when the panel of experts convenes

The FDA scientists' conclusion towards the end of the report that the vaccine meets safety and efficacy standards

The FDA scientists' conclusion towards the end of the report that the vaccine meets safety and efficacy standards

The FDA scientists’ conclusion towards the end of the report that the vaccine meets safety and efficacy standards 

The UK approved the vaccine last week and started giving it out today. Above, Margaret Keenan, 90, becomes the first person in the world to receive it. She was given the vaccine on Tuesday morning in Coventry, England

The UK approved the vaccine last week and started giving it out today. Above, Margaret Keenan, 90, becomes the first person in the world to receive it. She was given the vaccine on Tuesday morning in Coventry, England

The UK approved the vaccine last week and started giving it out today. Above, Margaret Keenan, 90, becomes the first person in the world to receive it. She was given the vaccine on Tuesday morning in Coventry, England  

A nurse adminsters the Pfizer-BioNtech Covid-19 vaccine to patient William "Bill" Shakespeare , 81, at University Hospital in Coventry, central England, on December 8, 2020

A nurse adminsters the Pfizer-BioNtech Covid-19 vaccine to patient William "Bill" Shakespeare , 81, at University Hospital in Coventry, central England, on December 8, 2020

A nurse adminsters the Pfizer-BioNtech Covid-19 vaccine to patient William “Bill” Shakespeare , 81, at University Hospital in Coventry, central England, on December 8, 2020

WHY THE FDA IS TAKING SO LONG TO APPROVE PFIZER VACCINE

FDA Commissioner Steve Hahn said on Wednesday that scientists needed more time to review the raw data from the Pfizer vaccine trial before they’d make a decision. 

Before December 10, when the will all meet to discuss it, this is what happens; 

STEP 1 

Multiple teams examine different data sets 

Hahn said that ordinarily, 150 scientists would look at an application. It’s unclear if more have been added for the Pfizer application or the Moderna application given the urgency of the situation

They will separately look at data for different components of the vaccine including; 

1) EFFICACY 

2) SAFETY 

3) MANUFACTURING 

All the different groups will then come together on the 10th to discuss their findings and if, collaboratively, they can recommend approval 

STEP 2 

The FDA scientists make a recommendation to the advisory council

The advisory council has already started meeting to discuss who would get the vaccine first if it is approved. 

They also have to decide, ultimately, if it is safe for approval. 

If they do that, the doses will start being shipped out on December 15. 

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Another 22,000 people were given a placebo and no one in that group suffered facial paralysis. 

‘Among non-serious unsolicited adverse events, there was a numerical imbalance of four cases of Bell’s palsy in the vaccine group compared with no cases in the placebo group, though the four cases in the vaccine group do not represent a frequency above that expected in the general population.’ 

Many of the people who were given the vaccine said they felt ill after receiving the second dose. 

Half of all of the participants aged between 16 and 55 said they felt fatigue, more than half said they felt headaches, over a third felt chills and 37 percent felt muscle pain.

Half of everyone over 55 felt fatigues, a third felt headaches and a quarter felt chills. Only 29 percent felt muscle pain.  

The New York Times reports that the Trump administration was offered the chance to buy more doses of the vaccine in the summer but that they passed. 

Now, Pfizer has entered manufacturing deals with other countries which the Times says could make it more difficult for the US to get all of the vaccines they need. 

On a call with reporters, a senior administration official said the Times’ report was ‘false.’ 

But the official did not address what was ‘false’ and said: ‘We feel absolutely confident we will get the vaccine doses for which we’ve contracted and will have sufficient number of doses to vaccinate all Americans who desire one before the end of second quarter 2021.’ 

Pfizer and Moderna both snubbed a vaccine summit at the White House that will take place on Tuesday.

STAT reported Monday that Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla and Moderna CEO Stéphane Bancel had been invited to appear in Washington and declined.

The White House is claiming that it decided instead to have Dr. Peter Marks, the leader of the Food and Drug Administration’s biologics center, as its guest and that he declined to appear at the event while Pfizer and Moderna’s vaccines were both still under review. 

Trump’s camp had accused both Pfizer and Moderna of withholding how effective their vaccines were until after the election in an attempt to thwart his chances of success.  

A new poll shows that in all, only 55% of Americans say they are likely to take a Covid-19 vaccine if it were available today

The poll shows 67% of men are likely to take the vaccine, while only 49% of women are similarly likely to get the the Covid-19 vaccine

The poll shows 67% of men are likely to take the vaccine, while only 49% of women are similarly likely to get the the Covid-19 vaccine

The poll shows 67% of men are likely to take the vaccine, while only 49% of women are similarly likely to get the the Covid-19 vaccine 

President Donald Trump was incensed after good news on the coronavirus vaccine front came after the November 3 presidential election

President Donald Trump was incensed after good news on the coronavirus vaccine front came after the November 3 presidential election

President Donald Trump was incensed after good news on the coronavirus vaccine front came after the November 3 presidential election 

Psizer CEO Albert Bourla

Psizer CEO Albert Bourla

Moderna CEO Stephane Bancel

Moderna CEO Stephane Bancel

The White House invited Psizer CEO Albert Bourla (left) and Moderna CEO Stéphane Bancel to Tuesday’s ‘Vaccine Summit,’ an invitation they both declined, according to STAT

They both denied it, saying there was nothing political about either announcement. 

WHO WILL GET THE COVID-19 VACCINE FIRST AND WHEN WILL THEY GET IT?

Pfizer’s vaccine is now on track for potential emergency approval as soon as this month, but it won’t immediately go to all Americans.  

Health care workers will be able to get the first doses in December or January, head of the  Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Dr Jose Romero told NPR.  

Next, non-health care essential workers such as grocery store staff, elderly people and people with underlying conditions that put them at high risk for severe COVID-19 will probably get the vaccine. 

They can likely get the vaccine early next year. 

Elderly people include anyone over 65. People with heart disease, kidney disease, diabetes, obesity, cancer and autoimmune conditions are considered at-risk due to their medical histories. 

It’s not clear in what order these next three groups will likely be vaccinated. 

Dr Anthony Fauci said last month that the general public will likely start to get vaccinations ‘within the first quarter of 2021, by let’s see April of 2021,’ he told CBS Evening News. 

U.S. officials have not yet made official recommendations for who should get the COVID-19 vaccine yet.  

The ACIP will meet and make recommendations with in 24 to 48 hours of a vaccine getting emergency use authorization from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).  

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Last week, the FDA was slammed for taking so long to approve the vaccine when it had already been approved in the UK. 

Commissioner Steve Hahn defended the process, saying it was the safes and most ‘robust’ of any country in the world.   

The first to get the vaccine, once approved, will be nursing home residents and healthcare workers. 

Then, it will be down to the states to determine who goes next. 

The vaccine is, according to the pharmaceutical firm’s research, 95 percent effective. 

It’s still unclear how long protection lasts and some side effects have been reported like mild flu symptoms and headaches. 

The briefing documents from the FDA encourage people to continue participating in the study so that can be examined.  

One nurse who took it said she experienced the highest fever of her life afterwards.  

Jefferies analyst Michael Yee in research note said the documents were ‘very simple and straightforward, which we think will lead to approval imminently.’ 

There were a total of six deaths in Pfizer’s late-stage trial of the vaccine, with two deaths among patients receiving the vaccine and the rest in those on a placebo, the documents showed. 

All deaths represent events that occur in the general population at a similar rate, FDA staff said.

The FDA is expected to decide on whether to authorize the vaccine within days or weeks.

Pfizer shares rose nearly 1% to $41.66 before the bell. BioNTech’s U.S. shares were up 1.3% at $127.10.

They sky-rocketed when it was announced that the vaccine was as effective as it is, as did Moderna’s. 

The vaccine roll-out comes as America hits its deadliest numbers. 

The current seven-day rolling average of COVID-19 deaths in the United States has now surpassed what it was during the initial April peak – as America suffered its deadliest week since April with 15,658 deaths.

The US recorded 1,404 deaths and 192,299 new coronavirus cases yesterday, while the number of people currently hospitalized reached a record 102,148.

Deaths across the country, which have been rising rapidly since last month, are now currently averaging 2,200 per day.

During the initial peak of the virus in April, the highest seven-day rolling average was just over 2,000.

In the last week, 15,658 Americans have died from COVID-19 – making it the deadliest week in the pandemic since April.

The number of new cases has surpassed 200,000 every day in the last seven days with more than 1 million cases reported in the first week of December alone.

While fatalities surged back in April during the initial peak, they did not rise at the same rates when infections started surging across the Sun Belt states in summer.

Fatalities, which are a lagging indicator and can rise weeks after cases are diagnosed, remained below an average of 1,000 per day until a month ago when hospitals – mostly in the Midwest – warned they were reaching capacity.

Hospitalizations have consistently set single-day highs since late October and are currently rising in 31 states compared to 14 days ago, according to the COVID Tracking Project.

In the last week, every state apart from Utah and Montana have reported an increase in deaths compared to the previous seven days, according to a Reuters tally of state and county reports.

South Carolina saw a 204 percent increase in deaths with 213 new fatalities. Vermont’s death toll spiked by 200 percent with 12 new deaths in the last week.

The Dakotas, however, continue to record the most deaths per 100,000 across the country.

In the last week, South Dakota recorded an average of 2.7 deaths per 100,000 and North Dakota followed with 1.8 deaths, according to CDC data.

HOW DO THE MODERNA AND PFIZER/BIONTECH VACCINES COMPARE?

Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech have both released interim results of the final stage clinical trials of their vaccines, with both suggesting they are extremely effective.

Here’s how they compare: 

MODERNA (US)

PFIZER (US) & BIONTECH (DE)

How it works: 

mRNA vaccine – Genetic material from coronavirus is injected to trick immune system into making ‘spike’ proteins and learning how to attack them.

mRNA vaccine – both Moderna’s and Pfizer and BioNTech’s vaccines work in the same way.

How well does it work?

94.1% effective (90 positive in placebo group, 5 positive in vaccine group) 

90% effective (estimated 86 positive in placebo group, 9 positive in vaccine group)

How much does it cost?

US has secured 100million doses for $1.525billion (£1.16bn), suggesting it will cost $15.25 (£11.57) per dose; $30.50 (£23.14) per person.

US will pay $1.95bn (£1.48bn) for the first 100m doses, suggesting a cost of $19.50 (£14.80) per dose; $39 (£29.61) per person.

Can we get hold of it?

Moderna will produce 20m doses this year, expected to stay in the US. 

First vaccinations expected in December.

What side effects does it cause? 

Moderna said the vaccine is ‘generally safe and well tolerated’. Most side effects were mild or moderate but included pain, fatigue and headache, which were ‘generally’ short-lived. 

Pfizer and BioNTech did not produce a breakdown of side effects but said the Data Monitoring Committee ‘has not reported any serious safety concerns’.

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